Huerfano County is located between Las Animas County and Pueblo County in southeastern Colorado. The county seat is Walsenburg. With a population of less than 8,000 people, Huerfano County has two incorporated towns (Walsenburg and La Veta) and two unincorporated towns (Cuchara and Gardner). There are significantly more elk than people and the fishing is pretty good, too.

Walsenburg is located at a crossroads with the I-25 and US 160. Pueblo is 50 miles north and Trinidad is 35 miles south on the I-25. US 160 goes west 72 miles to Alamosa and on to Pagosa Springs, Durango and Cortez. The turn-off to State Highway 12 is 13 miles west of Walsenburg. 4 miles south on Highway 12 is La Veta, another 9 miles brings you into Cuchara. Gardner is about 24 miles northwest of Walsenburg on State Highway 69.

The topography of the county is that of a fractured mountain plateau falling from the Sangre de Cristo Mountains on the west to the Arkansas River Valley on the east. To the north is the Wet Mountains, to the south is the Spanish Peaks. A significant part of the county is occupied by the San Isabel National Forest. Parts of the Sangre de Cristo, Greenhorn Mountain and Spanish Peaks National Wilderness Areas are also in the county.